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For example, the SHA-256 of the word BUTTERFLY (source) is 8c62ace4f9ef8ccd08ca6fb992a8524bb7dbdc0530654bd254c9da07a660949a (HASH). This seemingly random string of letters and numbers has three important properties:
Bitcoin mining involves three variables: the block, the mining difficulty and a random number. Heres how it all comes together:
Imagine our block consists of the word BUTTERFLY discussed earlier. In fact, the block would contain a listing of recent, unverified transactions, but lets keep it simple. In order for the block to be solved, bitcoin utilizes a simple test: If the HASH result of the block starts with a certain number of zeros, then the cube is considered verified.
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For our example, lets say that we have a mining problem of simply two, ie, our HASH must start with two zeros. .
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The problem: BUTTERFLY will always return the same HASH, and it doesnt start with two zeros. So what we need is the third variable, a random number (called a NONCE). We take this number, combine it with BUTTERFLY, and HASH again. If it doesnt start with two zeros, we change the number and try again, and because changing one small number changes the whole HASH result, there is no method to forecast the number well need to address this! .
We repeat this procedure over and over until we find a number that, when combined with BUTTERFLY, gives us a HASH that begins with two zeros. That number is the solution to the block. Here are some attempts:
This arduous procedure of randomly trying to find a number that supplies the solution is the thing that creates bitcoin mining such a computationally expensive procedure, and as more miners join the network, the harder it gets. As of November 2017, a regular home computer working alone, ie, not an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) and not a part of a cloud mining network, could take 2.7 million years to mine one block. .

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CPU mining. In the early days of bitcoin, mining difficulty was reduced and not a great deal of miners were competing for cubes and rewards. This made it worthwhile to utilize your computers own central processing unit (CPU) to mine bitcoin. However, that approach was soon replaced by GPU mining.

FPGA mining. Next came mining using field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). These significantly outperformed GPUs and CPUs in the mining process as FPGAs are processors that can be programmed to perform certain instructions and only those instructions (instead of being repurposed for mining, such as GPUs were).
ASIC mining. Comparable to FPGAs, application-specific integrated circuits are processors designed for a particular purpose, in our case mining bitcoin, and nothing else. ASICs for bitcoin were introduced in 2013 and, as of November 2017, they are the best processors available for mining bitcoin and they outperform FPGAs in electricity consumption. .
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Mining pools. To cancel the difficulty of mining a block, miners started organising in cloud or pools mining networks. Whenever a miner in one of those pools simplifies a cube, the payoff is shared with everyone in the pool in a ratio representative of just how much work you put into the pool (even though you personally never solved the mystery ). .
Cloud mining. Clouds provide prospective miners the ability to purchase mining channels in a remote data centre location. There are many obvious advantages, the most obvious beingno electricity expenses, no extra heat and nothing to sell when you decide to hang your virtual pickaxe.
Once miners receive bitcoin, they are given a virtual key to the bitcoin addresses. You can use this digital key to access and confirm or approve transactions.
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Desktop wallets. Software such as Bitcoin Core lets you send and save bitcoin addresses and connects to the network to monitor transactions.
Online wallets. Bitcoin keys are saved online by exchange platforms such as Coinbase or Circle and can be accessed from anywhere.
Mobile wallets. Programs like Blockchain store and encrypt your own bitcoin keys so hop over to here that you can make payments using your cellular device.
Paper wallets. Some websites provide paper wallet services, generating a piece of paper using just two QR codes on it. One code is your public address at which you get bitcoin and the other is the private address you can use for spending.